What to do next
Report before leaving the airport
Obtain a Property Irregularity Report and keep the reference. If you have already left, report in writing immediately and explain why - but expect the airline to rely on the delay.
Diarise the deadline the same day
Written claim periods for damaged and delayed baggage are short and run from delivery or from the date the baggage should have arrived. These are the deadlines most often missed.
Document contents and value
Photograph the damage and the contents, and gather receipts for anything valuable. Compensation is generally for proven loss up to a liability limit, not for sentimental or estimated value.
Keep receipts for interim purchases
Reasonable expenses for essentials while baggage is delayed are commonly recoverable. Keep every receipt, and keep purchases proportionate.
Escalate if refused
The Canadian Transportation Agency handles air passenger complaints, and small claims court is proportionate for modest amounts. Travel or home insurance may also respond.
Frequently asked questions
How long do I have to claim?
Short - days rather than months for damaged or delayed baggage, running from delivery or expected delivery. Check the exact period for your carriage type immediately.
Is there a limit on what I can recover?
Yes. International carriage is subject to a liability limit under the Montreal Convention. Declaring a higher value at check-in, for a fee, can raise it.
What if valuables were inside?
Airlines commonly exclude or limit liability for cash, jewellery and electronics in checked baggage. Carry them on where possible - the exclusion is usually enforceable.
Where do I escalate?
The Canadian Transportation Agency, or small claims court. Both are usable without a lawyer.
This is general information, not legal advice. Laws vary by location and every situation is different — speak with a qualified lawyer about your specific circumstances.