What to do next
Record the reason you were given, in writing
Ask the airline to state the cause in writing and keep the app notification, boarding pass, emails and any announcement. The category the airline assigns determines everything, and it is frequently challenged successfully.
Note the length of delay and the aircraft size
Compensation levels under the APPR depend on the length of the delay at arrival and whether the carrier is a large or small airline. Record actual arrival time, not scheduled.
Claim from the airline first
Submit a written claim within the period the regulations allow, stating the flight, the delay and the compensation sought. Airlines must respond within a defined timeframe. Keep the reference number.
Escalate to the Canadian Transportation Agency
If the airline refuses or does not respond, the CTA handles air passenger complaints. It is free, though its backlog is substantial - file early and keep your records.
Consider small claims for refused claims
For a straightforward refusal, small claims court is often proportionate and does not require a lawyer. Bring the written reason, the timings and the regulation.
Frequently asked questions
Does weather mean I get nothing?
Weather is generally outside the airline's control, which limits compensation but not the duty to provide assistance and rebooking. Airlines sometimes classify controllable delays as weather - which is why the written reason matters.
What about international flights?
The APPR applies to flights to, from and within Canada. The Montreal Convention may also apply to international carriage, particularly for baggage and long delays, and can provide different remedies.
Do I use a claims agency?
You can claim yourself for free through the airline and then the CTA. Agencies take a percentage for a process you can run without them.
Which body decides this?
The Canadian Transportation Agency handles air passenger complaints. Small claims court is an alternative for a refused monetary claim.
This is general information, not legal advice. Laws vary by location and every situation is different — speak with a qualified lawyer about your specific circumstances.